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Scotland 2010, Part 3

<h3>Jedburgh Abbey</h3>The construction of Jedburgh Abbey was started in 1138 by King David I. The Scots building such a grand abbey so close to the English border was intended as a show of strength.

<h3>Jedburgh Abbey</h3>The site is thought to have been home to other churches dating back to the early 8th century. Construction of the current abbey took over 100 years, with the main abbey being completed about 1285.

<h3>Jedburgh Abbey</h3>The columns supporting the structure are maginficent.

<h3>Jedburgh Abbey</h3>This restored glass shows the beauty of the windows.

<h3>Jedburgh Abbey</h3>The round arches show a Roman influence. The pointed arches are Victorian, and were sometimes added to the older Roman arches as a way to update the structure.

<h3>Jedburgh Abbey</h3>This west processional doorway is a reconstruction from 1876.

<h3>Jedburgh Abbey</h3>The doorway features intricate stonework.

<h3>Jedburgh Abbey</h3>These vaulted ceilings were originally plastered and painted.

<h3>Jedburgh Abbey</h3>This stone fragment was found on site and is from an 8th century church predating the current abbey.

<h3>Kelvingrove Museum</h3>The Kelvingrove Museum first opened in Glasgow in 1901. Its construction was financed with the profits from the International Exhibition of 1888.

<h3>Kelvingrove Museum</h3>The initial collection came from the McLellan Galleries and the City Industrial Museum. This Spitfire flew with the 602nd (City of Glasgow) Auxiliary between 1947 and 1949.

<h3>Kelvingrove Museum</h3>We heard a magnificent recital played on this Lewis & Company organ within the museum. Although restored in 1988, it has been in continuous operation since it was installed in 1901.

<h3>Kelvingrove Museum</h3>The Kelvingrove Transportation Museum is across the street. This is an Arrol-Johnston 10/12 HP Dogcart built in 1901 in Scotland. It is the oldest surviving Arrol–Johnston vehicle in existence.

<h3>Kelvingrove Museum</h3>Here's a Glasgow streetcar from the early 20th century.

<h3>Kelvingrove Museum</h3>Highland Railway engine number 103 was built by the Sharp & Stewart company in 1894.

<h3>St. Giles Cathedral</h3>Construction on St Giles cathedral started in the 1120's, but only a few portions of the original building survive.

<h3>St. Giles Cathedral</h3>Churches were always divided into several functional sections. This area near the entrance would have been used by the general public. Small chapels flank the sides.

<h3>St. Giles Cathedral</h3>Beautiful stained glass is from a restoration in 1872.

<h3>St. Giles Cathedral</h3>John Knox preached in this cathedral.

<h3>St. Giles Cathedral</h3>Several sections of the vaulted ceiling have been restored.

<h3>St. Giles Cathedral</h3>This restored ceiling is just outside the chapel of the Order of the Thistle.

<h3>St. Giles Cathedral</h3>These carvings appear on the side of a pulpit.

<h3>St. Giles Cathedral</h3>This is the tomb of James Graham, Marquess of Montrose. Graham was executed just outside the cathedral in 1650 for his role in resisting a religious reformation. His head was stuck on a spike outside the building as a reminder to others who would resist. After the restoration of King Charles II in 1660, Graham's body was exhumed and reinterred in the cathedral.

<h3>St. Giles Cathedral</h3>The Order of the Thistle was founded in 1687 by King James VII of Scotland. The order has a chapel within St. Giles, built in 1911. This picture shows some of the ornate wood work above each of 16 knight's seats within the chapel.

<h3>Glasgow Cathedral</h3>St. Mungo — or by his less–familiar name, Kentigern — preached at a wooden church on this site in the 7th century. St. Mungo is the patron saint of Glasgow. In 1136, King David I consecrated the first stone church built on the site.

<h3>Glasgow Cathedral</h3>The vaulted roof is 105 feet overhead.

<h3>Glasgow Cathedral</h3>The cathedral is still in use today.

<h3>Glasgow Cathedral</h3>John Knox led Protestantism from here in the 16th century, separating the new church from the influence of the Pope.

<h3>Glasgow Cathedral</h3>Stained glass throughout the church was replaced by German artisans in the 1860's. It deteriorated rapidly and was removed by the mid-20th century and replaced with a few newer pieces.

<h3>Glasgow Cathedral</h3>This is the tomb of Robert Burn Anderson, Lieutenant, 1st Bombay Fusiliers, who died as a prisoner of war in China in 1860.

<h3>Sweetheart Abbey</h3>This Cistercian abbey was established by Lady Devorgilla in 1273. The abbey was originally called New Abbey to distingush it from nearby Dundrennan Abbey.

<h3>Sweetheart Abbey</h3>Lady Devorgilla was married to John, 5th Baron de Balliol when she was just 13 years old. In 1263, John Balliol lost a legal dispute over land in England.

<h3>Sweetheart Abbey</h3>As pennance for his role in the land dispute, John Balliol established a college for the poor at Oxford University. He died five years later in 1268.

<h3>Sweetheart Abbey</h3>Lady Devorgilla carried John's embalmed heart with her in an ivory box. In memory of her husband, she established New Abbey and provided a permanent endowment to Balliol College, Oxford.

<h3>Sweetheart Abbey</h3>When Lady Devorgilla died in 1290, she was buried in the abbey along with her husband's heart. The monks of New Abbey started calling it Dulce Cor, or Sweetheart Abbey in honor of their patron. On September 26, 1290, the heir to the Scottish throne — Margaret, Maid of Norway — died en route from Norway to Scotland. King Edward I of England decided Lady Devorgilla's eldest son John Balliol had the best claim to the throne.

<h3>Sweetheart Abbey</h3>The abbey was occupied for more than three hundred years after Lady Devorgilla's death. By 1608, the abbot of Sweetheart Abbey had been exiled to France for his failure to practice reformed religion. The empty abbey was slowly dismantled as it was used for building materials.

<h3>Sweetheart Abbey</h3>In 1779, local residents pulled together to preserve the remainder of the structure.

<h3>Sweetheart Abbey</h3>There are many elaborate grave markers in and around the abbey. This one is from 1613.

<h3>Sweetheart Abbey</h3>A graveyard around the abbey continues to be used to this day.

<h3>Miscellaneous Items</h3>The pictures that follow are a collection of scenes that didn't warrant their own category. In this photo, the Empire State Building is visible from the Newark Liberty Airport as we look across Newark Bay. We flew direct from Newark to Glasgow.

<h3>Miscellaneous Items</h3>The British Pound Sterling is used throughout the United Kingdom. Paper notes are issued by the Bank of England, or — like this one — by one of three banks in Scotland. This denomination is notable because it features Adam Smith (economist), rather than the Queen of England. The three gold–coloured coins are £1. The large copper coin is two pence and the small copper coin is a penny.

<h3>Miscellaneous Items</h3>This is farmland between Glasgow and Dumfries along the A76. Even in the winter, Scotland's rolling hills were verdant.

<h3>Miscellaneous Items</h3>Here's a street near the Merchant City district of Glasgow. The old buildings are in the Victorian style and are about 200 years old. The city is slowly cleaning coal dust that stains the old sandstone buildings.

<h3>Miscellaneous Items</h3>This is MacLellan's Castle in Kirkcudbright. In 1569, Sir Thomas MacLellan acquired the Convent of Greyfriars and the land it had stood on since 1449. The convent's abandonment about nine years prior had been prompted by the Reformation, so MacLellan demolished it and used those materials and more from an old royal castle in Kirkcudbright to build his impressive house. The family eventually came into hard times, and in 1742, the roof and furniture were removed from the house. The buidling was transferred to the state in 1912.

<h3>Miscellaneous Items</h3>This is a view of Edinburgh from Edinburgh Castle.

<h3>Miscellaneous Items</h3>Another view looking east out over Edinburgh from Edinburgh Castle.

<h3>Miscellaneous Items</h3>This is a monument to Sir Walter Scott (b. 1731, d. 1832) in Edinburgh. Scott was a popular poet and writer during his time. Sir Scott helped plan the visit of King George IV to Edinburgh in 1822. Tartan was a big part of the event, and the public became enamored with named tartans. A number of sources catered to the public's interest in tartans, although often the tartans and their association to a particular clan were dubious. The result is that many tartans in use today are only about 200 years old. <span class='myGreyFont'>[End of series. <a href='../index.html'>Return</a> to the Photos page.]</span>